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  • Ladies, when yer man says he’s too sick to take out the trash, he may not be lazy!

    女仕們,當你的男人說他生病了沒辦法倒垃圾,他可能不是想偷懶而已!

  • He might actually have an evolutionary disadvantage.

    這其實可能是他在演化上的缺陷。

  • Hey guys and dolls, Trace here for DNews.

    嘿,各位先生女士,我是 DNews 的 Trace

  • It’s a pretty common trope that a cold or the flu doesn’t really affect women as much

    社會上有個普遍的迷思是,相對於男生

  • as it does men.

    流感對女生的影響比較小

  • There’s even a kind of a pejorative name for it, “the man flu”, which implies that

    甚至還有「男性流感」這種有點貶抑的名稱出現,意思就是

  • men are just being babies.

    男人只是在裝病而已。

  • Now, of course this is a crazy exaggerationbeing sick sucks for everyone... except

    當然這只是一個過度誇張的說法,生病對每個人來說都很糟糕

  • studies have shown this difference in experience may have a hint of truth to it.

    但現在的研究顯示,這個差異有可能是真的

  • Empirically, men tend to die more often than women when they catch tuberculosis, and theyre

    根據經驗,當感染肺結核時,男性比起女性更容易死亡,而且當他們

  • five times as likely to get cancer when infected with HPV.

    感染人類乳突病毒時,罹癌的機率是女性的五倍。

  • There are a whole mess of viruses that seem to be much faster and deadlier in men than

    比起在女性體內,似乎有一大堆的病毒在男性體內成長更快速、更致命,

  • they are in women, or they cause worse outcomes.

    或是造成更嚴重的結果。

  • Well, a paper, that came out in December of 2016 in the journal Nature Communications

    Nature Communications 期刊在2016年12月發表了一篇論文

  • studied a phenomenon where a certain virus called HTLV-1 caused leukemia to develop and

    研究人類 T 淋巴細胞病毒在人體造成白血病蔓延的現象,

  • eventually killed approximately twice as many Japanese men as it did Japanese women, but it affected

    結果顯示日本實驗組,男性死亡人數大約是女性的兩倍,

  • both sexes equally when studied in the Caribbean.

    但是加勒比海實驗組,病毒對男女的影響卻是一樣的。

  • Researchers posited that the biggest explanatory difference was that in Japan, breastfeeding

    研究員提出假設,最大的差異在於

  • goes on for longer than it does in Caribbean.

    日本人餵母乳的時間比加勒比海人久

  • Now this might seem unrelated, but think of it from the viruses perspective.

    現在看起來可能沒什麼關聯性,但是從病毒角度來看

  • Viruses need to spread from host to host to survive, it doesn’t do them any good to

    病毒需要藉由持續散播到不同個體來生存,所以立刻讓感染者死亡對病毒

  • instantly kill whoever they infect, because that doesn’t leave enough time for them

    是沒有任何好處的,因為如此一來病毒便沒有足夠的時間

  • to infect others and continue to survive.

    來感染其他人以繼續生存。

  • Although more research is needed, the authors of the study suggest that it maybe it is evolutionarily

    雖然研究還很不足,但是此論文作者認為讓女性活久一點

  • benefit for a virus to keep a women alive longer, and therefore affect them less severely,

    對病毒來說可能是演化的益處,因此對女性的影響才不那麼嚴重,

  • because theyre more likely to pass that virus onto their children through breastfeeding.

    因為女性更有可能藉由哺乳把病毒傳染給她們的小孩。

  • But, in societies where breastfeeding is less common, and the risk is lower, the virus has

    然而,在哺乳行為不普遍、此行為帶來的風險較低的社會,

  • no such evolutionary imperative.

    病毒並沒有這種演化規律。

  • Another study that came out in 2013 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,

    美國國家科學院院刊在2013年發表了另一篇研究,

  • found that when men and women were injected with the flu vaccine, women showed an increased

    研究顯示在注射流感疫苗之後,女性有上升的抗體反應

  • antibody response, and more inflammation proteins in their blood serum, than men did.

    而且血清中的炎症蛋白比男性來得多。

  • Their explanation was that a cluster of genes which actually make you worse at fighting

    他們解釋,當你體內有較多的睪丸激素時,讓你抵抗力變弱的基因串

  • viruses are actually increased, orupregulatedwhen your body has higher levels of testosterone.

    其實是會增加的,或是所謂的「正調節」。

  • In fact, men who had high testosterone showed the lowest antibody response to the vaccine.

    事實上,擁有高睪酮素的男性對疫苗的抗體反應是最弱的。

  • The researchers suggest that while this immunosuppressive response in men does worse when dealing with

    研究員認為,雖然男性的免疫抑制反應對抵抗病毒不益,

  • viruses, it can actually save lives when it comes to bacterial infections.

    但是在對抗細菌感染時反而有益。

  • The idea is that men are much more likely to catch bacterial infections.

    這是因為男性更容易細菌感染。

  • Now, those aren’t just dangerous because they can spread, but because sometimes the

    它們的危險不僅僅在於它們能散播,更是因為有時候

  • body totally freaks out when it encounters bacteria, which can lead to a cyclical immune

    抵抗細菌導致身體機能失常,造成循環免疫反應,

  • response called a “cytokine storm”, there are just too many immune cells trying

    我們稱之為「細胞因子風暴」,意指同時有太多的免疫細胞聚積

  • to fight at the same time and they overwhelm your body, sometimes killing you.

    以抵抗病原體,對身體產生嚴重的損傷,甚至造成死亡。

  • Since men are more prone to these infections, it makes sense to avoid killing yourself fighting them.

    因為男性更容易感染,所以避免死於過激地抵抗病原也是合理的。

  • What were trying to say, is both sexes have a lot to deal with, but men, thanks to

    我們想要說的是,男女都會被影響,但是,

  • testosterone, seem to suffer a little bit more when they're sick.

    因為睪酮素的關係,男性生病時似乎會遭受到多一點的痛苦。

  • So, show a little compassion, stop calling itthe man flu”.

    所以,多一點同理心吧,別再說什麼「男性流感」了。

  • It's not just sickness that hits men harder, it's also breakups.

    男人不只是在生病方面會比較嚴重,分手也是

  • Check out this video of myself and Amy laying that out for you.

    看看這部影片吧!我跟 Amy 會為你做更清晰的解釋。

  • And please subscribe so you get more DNews.

    還有,訂閱我們得到更多的 DNews 喔!

Ladies, when yer man says he’s too sick to take out the trash, he may not be lazy!

女仕們,當你的男人說他生病了沒辦法倒垃圾,他可能不是想偷懶而已!

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